| ARTICLES |
|
|
|
|
| Research History of Terrestrial Molluscs in China, 1840-1949 |
| CHEN Zheyu1, WU Min2 |
1. College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023,China;
2. School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023,China |
|
|
|
Abstract China has a rich diversity of terrestrial molluscs. Specialized research on Chinese terrestrial malacofauna commenced at the time of the First Opium War, following which most specimen collection and research were actively carried out by foreign missionaries, embassy staff and malacologists. Taxonomic studies were performed by more than seventy malacologists and resulted in the recording of more than 1500 new terrestrial mollusc species. Such activities by foreign scientists were terminated in 1949, but most of their research publications are still available. Nevertheless, some materials are imprecise or contain errors necessitating their screening and collation. Based on a variety of published material and the current situation of the location of specimen collections, the history of the discovery of China's terrestrial malacofauna during this period is reconstructed.
|
|
Received: 07 December 2018
Published: 22 June 2021
|
|
|
|
|
1 Yen T-C. Malacological Research and Its Future Advancement in China [J]. Asiatic Review, 1941, 37(129): 124～133.
2 Müller O F. Vermium terrestrium et fluviatilium, seu animalium infusorium, Helminthicorum, et testaceorum, non marinorum, succincta historia[M]. Havniae et Lipsiae, apud Heineck et Faber, ex officina Mölleriana. 1774, 2. 42.
3 Coan E V, Kabat A R. 2400 Years of Malacology, 17th ed [J/OL]. [2020-01-30]. https://ams.wildapricot.org/2400-Years-of-Malacology.
4 Draparnaud J P R. Histoire naturelle des mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles de la France, ouvrage posthume[M]. Paris: D. colas & Gabon, 1801.
5 Turner I M. Natural History Publications Arising from Theodore Cantor's Visit to Chusan, China, in 1840 [J]. Archives of natural history, 2016, 43(1): 30～40.
6 Cantor T E. General Features of Chusan, with Remarks on the flora and Fauna of That Island [J]. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 1842, 9: 265～278, 361～370, 481～493.
7 Yen T-C. Die Chinesischen Land-und Süßwasser-Gastropoden des Natur-Museum Senckenberg [J]. Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 1939, 444: 1～233.
8 Yen T-C. Notes on Land and Fresh-Water Mollusks of Chekiang Province, China [J]. Proceeding of the California Academy of Sciences, 1948, 24(4): 69～99.
9 Benson W H. Chusan Shells[J]. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, 1855, 24: 119～140.
10 Coan E V, Kabat A R. The Malacological Contributions of Rudolph Amandus Philippi (1808-1904) [J]. Malcologia, 2017, 60(1～2): 31～322.
11 Adams A. Notes from a Journal of Research into the Natural History of the Countries Visited During the Voyage of H. M. S. Samarang, Under the Command of Captain Sir Edward Belcher [M]. London: Reeve, Benham & Reeve, 1848. 225～532.
12 赵欣. 近代早期俄国在东北亚的扩张与西方人对黑龙江流域的探察[J]. 史林, 2016, (1): 102～111, 220～221.
13 Adams A. Travels of a Naturalist in Japan and Manchuria [M]. London: Hurst and Blackett, 1870.
14 Melvill J C. An Epitome of the Life of the Late Huge Cuming, F. L. S., C. M. Z. S., etc [J]. Journal of Conchology, 1895, 8(2～3): 59～70.
15 Adams H. Descriptions of a New Genus and 18 New Species of Mollusks [J]. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1870: 5～9.
16 Adams H. Descriptions of Ten New Species of Land and Freshwater Shells Collected by Robert Swinhoe, Esq., in China and Formosa [J]. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1870: 377～380.
17 Collar N J. Pioneers of Asian Ornithology: Robert Swinhoe [J]. Birding Asia, 2004, 1: 49～53.
18 罗桂环. 近代西方识华生物史[M]. 济南: 山东教育出版社, 2005. 1～434.
19 朱耀沂. 台湾昆虫学史话1684—1945[M]. 台北: “国立台湾大学”出版中心, 2013. 32～44.
20 Yen T-C. A Review of Chinese Gastropods in the British Museum [J]. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London, 1942, 24: 170～288, pl. 11～28.
21 Gerstfeldt G. Sur les Mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles de Sibérie et du territoire de l'Amour [J]. Journal de Conchyliologie, 1860, 8: 396～406.
22 罗桂环. 西方人在中国的动物学收集和考察[J]. 中国科技史料, 1993, (2): 14～25.
23 戴丽娟. 从徐家汇博物院到震旦博物院——法国耶稣会士在近代中国的自然史研究活动[J]. “中央研究院”历史语言研究所集刊, 2013, 84(2): 329～385.
24 Deshayes G P. Description de quelques espéces de mollusques nouveaux ou peu connus envoyés de la Chine par M. L'abbé A. David [J]. Nouvelles Archives du Muséum d'Histoire naturelle de Paris, 1874, 10: 83～100.
25 吴岷. 中国动物志[M]. 第58卷 (软体动物门 腹足纲 艾纳螺总科) . 北京: 科学出版社, 2018. 1～282.
26 李枢强. 韩伯禄及其动物标本收藏[J]. 生物学通报, 2004, 39(3): 61.
27 Fischer H. Nécrologie [J]. Journal de Conchyliologie, 1904, 52: 372～376.
28 民国廿四年私立震旦大学一览[M]. 上海: 私立震旦大学, 1935. 192～206.
29 Johnson R I. Heude's Molluscan Types: or, Asian Land and Fresh Water Mollusks, Mostly from the People's Republic of China, Described by P. M. Heude [M]. no. 1 . Cambridge: Dept. of Mollusks, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 1973. 1～111.
30 Kobelt W. Möllendorff, O. F. [J]. Nachrichtsblatt der Deutschen Malakozoologischen Gesellschaft, 1903, 36: 161～167.
31 Möllendorff O F. Binnen-Mollusken aus Westchina und Centralasien. I[J]. Annuaire du Musée Zoologique de l'Académie Impériale des St. -Pétersburg, 1899, 4: 46～144, 7 pls.
32 罗桂环. 近代西方对中国生物的研究[J]. 中国科技史料, 1998, (4): 4～21.
33 Zilch A. Zur Geschichte der deutschen Malakozoologie, XIV. Vinzenz Gredler und die Erforschung der Weichtiere Chinas durch Franziskaner aus Tirol [J]. Archiv für Molluskenkunde, 1974, 104(4～6): 171～228.
34 Henderson J B Jr. Obituary-B. Schmacker [J]. The Nautilus, 1896, 10(6): 72.
35 Ancey M C F. Contribution a la faune malacologique Indo-Thibétaine [J]. Annales de malacologie, 1884, 1: 381～397.
36 Dautzenberg P h, Fischer H. Liste des mollusques récoltés par M. H. Mansuy en Indo-Chine et au Yunnan et description d'espèces nouvelles [J]. Journal de Conchyliologie, 1905, 53: 343～471.
37 Breure A S H, Pll-Gergely B. More Than Just a Name: Colonel Messager and His Correspondents [J]. Zoosystema, 2019, 41(2): 7～19.
38 Sturany R. Obrutschew's Mollusken-Ausbbeute aus Hochasien[J]. Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe, 1900, 70: 17～48, 4 pls.
39 Callomon P. Henry A. Pilsbry and Yoichiro Hirase with a Translation of Tokubei “In Memory of Dr. H. A. Pilsbry: Pilsbry and the Mollusca of Japan” [J]. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 2003, 153(1): 1～6.
40 Callomon P, Tada A. Yoichiro Hirase and His Role in Japanese Malacology [J]. Bulletin of the Nishinomiya Shell Museum, 2006, 4: 1～76.
41 Kuroda T. Yoichiro Hirase, The Great Collector of Japanese Land Mollusks, and the Collectors Who Helped Him [J]. Paul C, trans. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 2003, 153(1): 7～14.
42 Pilsbry H A. Zoological Results of the Dolan West China Expedition of 1931, Part II, Mollusks [J]. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1934, 86: 5～28.
43 罗桂环. 民国时期对西方人在华生物采集的限制[J]. 自然科学史研究, 2011, 30(4): 450～459.
44 Blume W. Die Konchylien der Stoetznerschen Szetschwan-Expedition [J]. Archiv für Molluskenkunde, 1925, 57: 9～22.
45 Pilsbry H A. A New Chinese Clausilia[J]. The Nautilus, 1919, 33: 53～54.
46 Annandale T N. Zoological Results of the Percy Sladen Trust Expedition to Yunnan Under the Leadership Professor J. W. Gregory, F. R. S. (1922). Land molluscs [J]. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, 1923, 19: 385～422.
47 林志宏. 帝国的探险──1933年“满蒙学术调查研究团”在热河[J]. 暨南史学, 2014, 17: 11～41.
48 滝庸. 满洲产陆水贝类[C]//川村多实二. 关东州及满洲国陆水生物调查. 京都: 株式会社似玉堂, 1940. 89～104.
49 Yen T-C. Some Quaternary Gastropods from Eastern Szechwan [J]. Bulletin of the Geological Society of China. 1936, 15(3): 331～340.
50 杨超群. 两广地质调查所简史[J]. 地质学史论丛, 2002, 4: 200～202.
51 Zapfe H. Prof. Dr. John T. C. Yen[J]. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 1973, 77: 471～477.
52 Anonymous. Notice of Dr. John Teng-Chien Yen's death [J]. The Nautilus, 1972, 85(4): iii.
53 胡宗刚. 静生生物调查所史稿[M]. 济南: 山东教育出版社, 2005. 1～250.
54 中国科学院动物研究所所史编撰委员会. 中国科学院动物研究所简史[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2008. 1～549.
55 Yen T-C. The Non-marine Gastropods of North China, Part I[J]. Publications du Musie Hoangho Paiho de Tien Tsin, 1935, 34: 1～57, 5 plates.
56 戴丽娟. 在“边缘”建立“中心”——法国耶稣会士桑志华与天津北疆博物院[J]. 辅仁历史学报, 2009, (24): 229～256.
57 Yen T-C. Fossile nicht-marine Mollusken-Faunen aus Nordchina[J]. Sitzungsberichten der Österreichosch Akademie der Wissenschaften (Abt. Ⅰ), 1969, 177: 21～64.
58 Zhang J, Zhang S, Xu F, Zhang S. Introduction to the History of Malacology in China[J]. Bulletin of the Russian Far East Malacological Society, 2014, 18: 107～119.
59 Ping, C. Preliminary notes on the fauna of Nanking [J]. Contributions from the Biological Laboratory of the Science Society of China, Zoological Series, 1931, 7(4): 173～201.
60 Ping C. Fossil Terrestrial Gastropods from North China[J]. Palaeontologia Sinica, Series B, 1929, 6(5): 5～29.
61 Ping C. Tertiary and Quaternary Non-marine Gastropods of North China [J]. Palaeontologia Sinica, Series B, 1931, 6(6): 16～20.
62 Ping C, Yen T-C. Some Gastropods from Sin-Kiang [J]. The Science Quarterly of the National University of Peking, 1932, 3(3): 127～148.
63 Swinhoe R. Narrative of the North China Campaign of 1860[M]. London: Smith, Elder and Co, 1861. 271～337.
64 范发迪. 知识帝国: 清代在华的英国博物学家[M]. 袁剑, 译. 北京: 中国人民大学出版社, 2018. 249.
65 陈德牛, 张国庆. 中国动物志[M]. 第37卷 (软体动物门 腹足纲 巴蜗牛科). 北京: 科学出版社, 2004. 1～482. |
|
Viewed |
|
|
|
Full text
|
|
|
|
|
Abstract
|
|
|
|
|
Cited |
|
|
|
|
| |
Shared |
|
|
|
|
| |
Discussed |
|
|
|
|
