Please wait a minute...
Studies in the History of Natural Sciences  2020, Vol. 39 Issue (3): 288-306    DOI:
ARTICLES     
Restoration and Simulation Experiments on the Song Dynasty Level
YI Degang1, ZHANG Zhongyuan2, YANG Yayu2
1. College of Humanities of Donghua University,Shanghai 200051,China;
2. Institute for the History of Science and Technology,Inner Mongolia Normal University,Huhhot 010020,China
Download:   PDF(6075KB)
Export: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)      

Abstract  The splendid architectural achievements of ancient China are inseparable from level measurement technology. The Wujing zongyao and Yingzao fashi are the earliest and most complete works that graphically illustrate and explain the level in pre-modern China, the graphics and text do no match exactly. Despite many years of archaeological excavations and fieldwork, finds of levels and associated objects are still rare. Based on previous research, the original literature was used to recreate a Song Dynasty level, and related simulation experiments were carried out. The error precision was compared with that of amodern optical level.

Key words: level      restoration      measurement technology      Song Dynasty     
Received: 13 November 2019      Published: 22 June 2021
ZTFLH:  N092  
Cite this article:

YI Degang, ZHANG Zhongyuan, YANG Yayu. Restoration and Simulation Experiments on the Song Dynasty Level. Studies in the History of Natural Sciences, 2020, 39(3): 288-306.

URL:

http://www.shns.ac.cn/     OR     http://www.shns.ac.cn/Y2020/V39/I3/288

1 中国科学院自然科学史研究所. 中国古代建筑技术史[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1985. 515.
2 冯立昇. 中国古代的水准测量技术[J]. 自然科学史研究, 1990,(2): 190~196.
3 朱诗鳌. 漫话古代水准测量[J]. 武汉水利电力学院学报, 1978,(Z1): 115~117.
4 宋鸿德, 张儒杰, 尹贡白, 等. 中国古代测绘史话[M]. 北京: 测绘出版社, 1993. 24~25.
5 乔迅翔. 试论《营造法式》中的定向、定平技术[J]. 中国科技史杂志, 2006,(3): 247~253.
6 白在军, 王其亨. 宋《营造法式》测量技术探析[J]. 天津大学学报(社会科学版), 2012,(5): 417~421.
7 周龙. 中国古代水准仪的研究[D]. 呼和浩特: 内蒙古师范大学, 2016. 5, 38~52.
8 李筌. 神机制敌太白阴经·水攻具篇[M]. 卷4//丛书集成初编. 北京: 中华书局, 1985. 86.
9 许洞. 虎钤经·水攻[M]. 卷6. 李盛铎明刻本.
10 曾公亮. 武经总要·水攻[M]. 卷11. 明万历中金陵书林唐富春刊本.
11 脱脱. 宋史·天文志第一[M]. 清乾隆武英殿刻本.
12 脱脱. 宋史·律历志第二十九[M]. 清乾隆武英殿刻本.
13 沈括. 梦溪笔谈[M]. 卷25. 四部丛刊续编景明本.
14 李诫. 营造法式·定平[M]. 卷3//万有文库. 上海: 商务印书馆, 1933. 52.
15 完颜麟庆. 河工器具图说·水平[M]. 卷1//万有文库. 上海: 商务印书馆, 1937. 32.
16 阮元. 十三经注疏[M]. 北京: 中华书局, 1979. 287.
[1] ZHOU Wenli, LUO Shengqiang, MO Lingheng, CHEN Jianli. Smelting Copper with Lead Slag: The Smelting Technology of Lead-Copper Ores from the Chengui Mine in the Qing Dynasty[J]. Studies in the History of Natural Sciences, 2021, 40(2): 135-148.
[2] XIONG Dibing, HUI Fuping. On Changes of Manure in Pre-modern China[J]. Studies in the History of Natural Sciences, 2021, 40(2): 149-160.
[3] QIAO Shangxiao, QIAN Wei. A New Discussion on the Co-fusion Process[J]. Studies in the History of Natural Sciences, 2021, 40(2): 161-174.
[4] ZHOU Sheng. An Interpretation of Eleven Colloquial Bird and Mammal Names in the Guihai Yuheng Zhi by Fan Chengda[J]. Studies in the History of Natural Sciences, 2021, 40(2): 175-183.
[5] QU Zhaohua. Preliminary Research on Zhou Shuxue's Knowledge of Cewang[J]. Studies in the History of Natural Sciences, 2021, 40(2): 194-217.
[6] . [J]. Studies in the History of Natural Sciences, 2021, 40(2): 262-264.
[7] CHEN Jiujin, WANG Rongbin. A Newly Discovered Set of Twelve Constellations of the China Zodiac[J]. Studies in the History of Natural Sciences, 2021, 40(1): 19-36.
[8] LI Zhiliang. The Transmission and Preliminary Development of the Chemical Concept Catalysis in Modern China[J]. Studies in the History of Natural Sciences, 2021, 40(1): 37-48.
[9] ZHAO Yunbo, DENG Jing. Analysis of the Knowledge of the History of Western Science in Gezhi Shuyuan Keyi[J]. Studies in the History of Natural Sciences, 2021, 40(1): 49-61.
[10] FENG Xiang. A Review and Discussion of Plague in Northern China from 1917-1918[J]. Studies in the History of Natural Sciences, 2021, 40(1): 62-76.
[11] ZHANG Jingfei. “Leaving Some Wiggle Room” and “Pursuing Cooperation”: China-US Scientific and Technological Exchanges in Earthquake from 1971 to 1979[J]. Studies in the History of Natural Sciences, 2021, 40(1): 77-90.
[12] HUA Jueming. The Definition and Classification of Traditional Handicrafts[J]. Studies in the History of Natural Sciences, 2021, 40(1): 120-129.
[13] . [J]. Studies in the History of Natural Sciences, 2021, 40(1): 130-144.
[14] ZOU Dahai. New Research on the Junshu,a Branch of Mathematics in the Early Period of Ancient China[J]. Studies in the History of Natural Sciences, 2020, 39(4): 395-424.
[15] LIU Siliang. Dog Sacrifice and the Battle against Epidemics: Recalling Fighting Epidemics Prior to the Qin Dynasty[J]. Studies in the History of Natural Sciences, 2020, 39(4): 425-438.