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| Faraday's Discovery of Electromagnetic Induction and the Process of the Transformation of His Ideas |
| QIAN Changyan |
| School of Physics and Electronic Information, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China |
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Abstract In the light of Faraday's Diaries, his manuscript of 'Experimental Researches in Electricity. Series I', his letters and other literature, this paper presents a detailed investigation into Faraday's discovery of electromagnetic induction and the process of the transformation of his ideas. It points out that this process consists of two stages. In the first stage, from August 1831 to December 1831, Faraday discovered the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction. Based on his systematic experimental research into it, he put forward the concept of the electrotonic state and composed the draft of 'Experimental Researches in Electricity. Series I'. However, he misunderstood the direction of the induced currents. In the second stage, from December 1831 to April 1832, he corrected this misunderstanding of the direction of the induced currents by making more careful experimental research, formed the concept of magnetic curves, conducted systematic experimental research into Terrestrial Magneto-electric Induction, and completed the modification of 'Experimental Researches in Electricity. Series I' and the draft of 'Experimental Researches in Electricity. Series II', as well as acquiring a clearer understanding of the law of the electromagnetic induction. Furthermore, the paper argues that Faraday's correction of his misunderstandings of the direction of the induced currents played an important role in the formation of his concepts of magnetic curves and force lines. At the same time, it points out some scholars' misunderstandings concerning Faraday's discovery of electromagnetic induction, and puts forward different viewpoints regarding some controversies in Faradayan studies.
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Received: 24 May 2014
Published: 21 June 2021
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